Research on new discovery in biology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Research on new discovery in biology - Essay ExampleThe coca prove plant has similar biochemical properties as those that produce alkaloids. The coca plant belongs to a group of plants with instinctive alkaloids, or nitrogen-containing confuseds that produce diverse effects on the physiology of humans. The alkaloid compounds in these plants are proven to have cockeyed pharmacological effects on people and are known to contain nicotine, caffeine, quinine, morphine, atropine, strychnine, and the illegal stimulant compound cocaine. The plants that contain alkaloids include the Solanaceae or potato family, the Brassicaceae or mustard family, and the Erythroxylaceae or coca family, to which the coca plant belongs. The close relatedness of these plants is not only justified by the fact that they only contain alkaloid compounds but also by the fact that they had a common ancestor around great hundred million years ago and that the alkaloid compounds that they contain obey similar bio chemical pathways. The significance of this fact is that if ace were to uncover the details of the natural discount of cocaine, then it is possible to study it from the point of view of the another(prenominal) plants to which the coca plant is related (How Plants Make Cocaine, 2012). ... The plant known as belladonna, which belongs to the Solanaceae family, produces the tropane alkaloid known as atropine, and the synthesis of this alkaloid was compared with that of cocaine in the coca plant. Although the biochemical pathway and mechanism conglomerate in the synthesis of alkaloids is basically the alike(p) for all alkaloid-producing plants, and for both both belladonna and coca plants as well, the Max Planck contribute researchers hypothesize that the enzymes involved in the syntheses of different compounds must also be different from each other. The results of the prove proved the hypothesis true when it was found out that the enzyme that produced the atropine in belladonna proved to be totally different from the one that eventually produced cocaine in the coca plant. This enzyme, which is known as AKR or MecgoR, is involved in the biochemical pathway of the synthesis of cocaine by converting the keto group into an alcohol residue, which is actually the same role assumed by the SDR, or short-chain dehydrogenase reductase enzyme in belladonna (How Plants Make Cocaine, 2012). Thus, although there was a basically similar pathway for the production of atropine and cocaine in both species of plants, the very small difference in the nature and identity of the enzyme that catalyzes the keto group towards the end of the pathway is the main factor behind the fact that the coca plant is able to naturally synthesize cocaine, and not another alkaloid compound. Moreover, it is very interesting for the Max fat Institute researchers to find out that the synthesis of atropine in belladonna takes place in the roots of the plant before the atropine is transported to t he leaves, while the synthesis of